Skip to main content
Start of content
Start of content

441-01733 (Culture and heritage)

Paper petition

Original language of petition: English

Petition to the Government of Canada

Whereas:

  • In 2018, the National Anthem was amended with gender-neutral language to ensure equity and inclusion;
  • Canada's most notable symbols, the Canadian flag and the National Anthem, fail to represent Indigenous people;
  • First contact between Indigenous and non-Indigenous people was amicable, and Indigenous people showed newcomers how to survive;
  • Several Indigenous people fought with the British during the Seven Years' War and were closely associated with Great Britain before and after the American Revolution;
  • It wasn't until the British betrayed them concerning land rights that the alliance soured;
  • They were not the first or last to be misled, deceived, and coerced into signing fraudulent treaties;
  • Treaties affirmed that Indigenous and non-Indigenous relations were built on peace, friendship, morality, and mutual respect for one another's sovereignty;
  • The Doctrine of Discovery denied Indigenous people's sovereignty and granted Christians the power to impose their ideologies while exploiting and seizing Indigenous Peoples' lands;
  • Colonizers called the territory Terra Nullius, or "nobody's land," to establish state control and declare it their home;
  • Indigenous people agreed to share, not surrender, their land expecting settlers to share resources and only take what they need;
  • Indigenous people's relationship to the land differs from those who claim it today;
  • The nature of this tie is not one of "ownership but of stewardship";
  • The land is a sacred gift from the Creator, which Indigenous people vowed to protect;
  • Indigenous stories, identity, community, traditional knowledge, culture, spirituality, and law illustrate the relationship to the land;
  • The land has provided sustenance and shelter to Indigenous people since time immemorial and is revered for its lifegiving quality that sustains plants, animals, and people;
  • To ensure abundant resources, Indigenous people had a reciprocal relationship with the land characterized by responsibility, balance, and interconnection;
  • Disconnection from the land, water, and sky, caused by displacement and banned ceremonies, harms Indigenous people spiritually, emotionally, physically, and mentally;
  • Continued extraction and exploitation of land resources have led to today's climate crisis;
  • The lack of resources creates conflict among people, disproportionately affecting the marginalized; and
  • Indigenous people's relationship to the land is constitutionally recognized.

Accordingly, we, the undersigned citizens and residents of Canada, call upon the Government of Canada to refute the Doctrine of Discovery and Terra Nullius by amending the National Anthem's lyrics from Our Home and Native Land to Our Home on Native Land. Canada would thereby honour its moral responsibility and fulfill part of its commitment to the 45th call to action of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission, moving towards reparation by recognizing that Indigenous people occupied, cultivated, and thrived on these lands before Europeans arrived.

Response by the Minister of Canadian Heritage

Signed by (Minister or Parliamentary Secretary): Taleeb Noormohamed

The Government of Canada would like to thank the petitioners for expressing their concerns regarding the words to the national anthem of Canada.

O Canada” became Canada’s national anthem by virtue of the National Anthem Act, which was passed in 1980.

The French words of the anthem were composed in 1880 by Adolphe-Basile Routhier, and have remained unchanged since then.

The English lyrics are based on those penned by Robert Stanley Weir in 1908, and subsequently modified by a special joint parliamentary committee on the National and Royal Anthems in 1967-1968. These amended lyrics were the ones adopted in 1980.

The English lyrics of the national anthem were further modified to make the lyrics gender neutral, by way of a private member’s bill in the House of Commons, which received royal assent on February 07, 2018.

By virtue of the Department of Canadian Heritage Act, Section 4 (1) and Section 4 (2) (h), the Minister of Canadian Heritage has jurisdiction “relating to Canadian identity and values, cultural development and heritage” and “state ceremonial and Canadian symbols”.

Thus, the showcasing of emblems such as the national anthem and the National Flag of Canada fall within the purview of the Minister of Canadian Heritage.

However, as the lyrics to the national anthem are consigned in law by virtue of the National Anthem Act, any changes or amendments to this Act must result from parliamentary legislation, as was the case when the English lyrics were amended in 2018.

The Petition calls on the Government of Canada to modify the English lyrics of “O Canada” specifically as a way to denounce the Doctrine of Discovery and the notion of Indigenous land in Canada as Terra Nullius, and thus fulfill its engagements to the TRC’s Call to Action #45.

In December 2020, the government of Canada introduced Bill C-15, an Act respecting the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples. The bill was passed by Parliament and received royal assent on June 21, 2021. This act repudiates concepts used to justify European sovereignty over Indigenous lands and peoples such as the Doctrine of Discovery and Terra Nullius.

The preamble of the Act respecting the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples reads: “Whereas all doctrines, policies and practices based on or advocating the superiority of peoples or individuals on the basis of national origin or racial, religious, ethnic or cultural differences are racist, scientifically false, legally invalid, morally condemnable and socially unjust”.

Additionally, the Vatican, and thus the Papacy and the Catholic Church, on whose authority the Doctrine of Discovery was initiated in the 15th century, also officially denounced the Doctrine of Discovery on March 30, 2023.

Changing the English lyrics of “O Canada” would contribute to the fulfillment of part of Calls to Action #45 and #47, as the commitment to these Calls to Action is much broader.

It should be noted that the Petition addresses solely the English lyrics of the national anthem of Canada. An equitable and inclusive review of the lyrics of the national anthem, should this come to pass, would do best to address the national anthem in Canada’s two official languages.

 

Presented to the House of Commons
Gord Johns (Courtenay—Alberni)
October 5, 2023 (Petition No. 441-01733)
Government response tabled
November 20, 2023
Photo - Gord Johns
Courtenay—Alberni
New Democratic Party Caucus
British Columbia

Only validated signatures are counted towards the total number of signatures.